Unfold the Folded Table with These Annual Keywords

2025 – what food and farming story left the deepest impression on you? Was it the incessant rain across North China, where not a single grain could be saved? The food-delivery wars? The controversy over pre-made meals that nearly sparked violence? Or something else altogether…

Over the past year, Foodthink – our publication dedicated to the food and farming system – has kept its focus squarely on “climate change”, “food-delivery platforms”, “imported meat” and “stories of smallholder farmers”. We have documented how farmers keep adapting amid extreme weather, asked how technology and capital are reshaping the food system, and examined the impact of global trade on local smallholder farmers.

Beyond our day-to-day work – publishing articles, hosting events, and running an agroecology internship programme – we also ventured into unfamiliar territory: we ran “The Flowing Table” food and farming media workshop, published the report Research on Pathways for Rural Social Organisations to Address Climate Change, and organised for fellow farmers to take part in an agroecology on-site co-learning programme.

Throughout the year, our colleagues travelled to villages, markets and kitchens across the country, chatted with delivery riders on the street, and journeyed to South-east Asia and Europe to see what smallholder farmers in other regions are facing.

What follows is a record of Foodthink’s writing and observations over the past year. Take this as an invitation to look back with us at 2025’s biggest food and farming stories, and to hold on to our memories of food, land and the people who tend both.

In the year ahead, we invite our readers to join us in paying attention to the food at our feet, around us and on our plates – to keep listening to the voice of the land, and to reflect on where our own food choices will lead the future.

– Signals of Disorder –

Over the past year, whether living in a city or a village, people could clearly feel that the climate no longer behaves with the steadiness it once had, and food has been changing as a result. From nature to agriculture to the food on our tables every day, what we once took for granted as “order” is gradually becoming unstable.

Looking at the disasters hitting agriculture, climatic “disorder” has become the norm. Farmers can no longer rely on past weather patterns to make reasonable plans for their production. Whether it was the drought in Shaanxi, the incessant rain across North China, or the relentless super typhoons battering the south, it seemed as though nobody was prepared.

Shaanxi Drought: Fruit That Can’t Be Saved, Wheat That Can’t Be Irrigated

72 Hours of Torrential Rain: Rice Paddies Washed Away, Lives Interrupted

At Four in the Morning, a Miyun Farm Swallowed by Floodwater

On the Verge of Harvest, Western Guangdong Farmers Face the World’s Strongest Storm

Interview: Extraordinary Disasters Are Here, Yet We’re Still “Shennong Tasting a Hundred Herbs”

Beyond disasters, is there nothing agriculture can do? Farmers are often the first to perceive climate change, and so they tend to act sooner than others. They are far from helpless. In fact, with extreme weather becoming ever more frequent, many are already taking proactive steps:

When the Weather Keeps Getting Drier, What Options Remain for Growing Rice?

When Heat Becomes the New Normal, These Farmers Choose Another Life (Part 1)

When Heat Becomes the New Normal, These Farmers Choose Another Life (Part 2)

As the North Turns into the South, Farmers Are Busy Digging Trenches

Coffee Prices Soar – So Why Are Yunnan’s Coffee Growers Still Wary?

When agriculture faces climate and ecological crises, our food faces the challenge of “invasion” –Fall Armyworm, microplastics, fossil fuels, hidden additives. Is the food we eat still healthy?

When America’s “Little Menace” Reaches China’s Maize Fields

Microplastics Invading the Brain: How Can We Shake Off Plastic Anxiety?

Can Humanity Escape Its Toxic Relationship with Plastic?

Plastic Mulch Film Pollutes Farmland in an Absurd Regulatory “Turf War” | Republication and Follow-Up on the Incident

How Much Fossil Fuel Have You “Eaten”?

Rice That Isn’t Rice, Noodles That Aren’t Noodles: Are Our Staple Foods Still Healthy?

The Secret in the Oil Bottle: Is Refined Vegetable Oil Really Good for You?

When food is contaminated and reshaped, the very concept of “health” begins to wobble. Who, exactly, is defining “nutrition”? Who is shaping the public’s understanding of a healthy diet? Amid the cacophony, we need to return to the body, to common sense, and to a fresh understanding of what “health” means.

Have Dietitians Become ‘Running Dogs’ for Food Giants? A Registered Dietitian Weighs In

Between Monetising Traffic and Professional Integrity: Should Dietitians Take on Advertising?

Does Losing Weight Mean Starving? Read This Genuine Weight-Loss Guide First

– The Cost of Efficiency –

From “the first cup of milk tea of autumn” to this year’s seemingly endless “food delivery wars”, every year the platforms throw a frenzy of orders. Are the merchants profiting? Are the diners getting a bargain? And who is really sitting back and reaping the spoils?

When food is coded into an order that must arrive within thirty minutes, “eating” stops being the diner’s experience and becomes the worker’s toll. One click and it’s there, sure, but the real distance between people and their food only grows wider. The many links between the soil and the table have been folded away. When people can no longer see how food is delivered, step by step, to their table, who is choosing what you eat for you? How much control do you still have over what you eat?

Pin Hao Fan (Meituan Budget Meal Service): Who Actually Got a Good Meal?

Business Wars in the Downpour: Delivery Riders’ Bitter Summer

Forget the JD–Meituan Spectacle: Wage Workers Should Watch These Two Films Instead

A Lawyer’s Expert Breakdown of the JD vs Meituan Social Insurance Schemes

Can You Make a Living Delivering Food on Foot in Australia?

‘McDonald’s Devotees’ on the Assembly Line

Fresh Produce Sorters, Racing Inside the Algorithm

Meituan’s acquisition of Dingdong Maicai made headlines, yet few seem to care: another wet market has vanished.

While the platforms wage war, physical spaces are dying out. As online fresh food platforms, community group buying and platform subsidies take over cities, it is not just a shift in how some people work – the way urban consumers shop for groceries is changing too. When the wet market goes, the cost is that consumers find it ever harder to understand their food, and ever harder to make sense of its price.

But we often forget: a wet market was never just a place to buy groceries. It is a junction between city and countryside, between food and agriculture. When it disappears, food becomes abstract.

Who Drove Out the Wet Market?

Will Online Fresh Food Platforms Make the Wet Market Disappear?

The Lychee Harvest Is Bountiful – So Why Are Online Prices Still High?

When It Comes to Wet Markets, We Have Something to Say

Efficiency has changed how we shop for produce in the city, and it is deepening out in the fields, reshaping how crops are grown. Technology is rapidly taking over farmland, yet technology is not neutral: it can boost efficiency, but it can also deepen our dependence on it and amplify the risks of its use. When pesticide spraying and data tracking are led by drone operators and machines, can farmers truly practise “scientific farming”?

When Drones Become the New Farm Tool: Who Is Defining “Scientific Farming”?

Technology, Pesticides and Drone Operators: The Other Side of the “Technological Revolution”

Raising efficiency seems to make food more accessible, yet everything beyond food – emotion, time, connection – is drifting further from the act of eating itself. Eating is more than fuelling up. If greater efficiency means we can eat faster and better, why do some people find it harder and harder to sit down to a proper meal?

An Eating Story from a “Not Entirely” Failed Wage Worker

Ma Lan in Shenzhen, with No Meal Buddy

A Question That Has Long Bothered Wage Workers

At That Moment, They Decided to Quit Food Delivery | Eat Well for 315 (Consumer Rights Day)

“Electronic Pickled Mustard”: Today’s Young People’s Antidote to Loneliness?

– Smallholder Farmers in the Cracks –

Under the three-pronged squeeze of policy, market and weather, the lives of smallholder farmers and pastoralists have been pushed into ever narrower corners. Pastoralists continue to make ends meet by borrowing, while small-scale dairy farmers are being squeezed out by industrial-scale systems. They are still holding on – but for how much longer?

Sweet Melons Guaranteed, Bitter Labour Guaranteed

Raising Sheep on Borrowed Money: Qinghai’s Pastoralists Endure Another Year

Through the Lens: The Changing Lives and Choices of Pastoralists

Smallholder Farms vs. Large Ranches: Whose Milk Is Safer and More Nutritious?

Smallholder Farms vs. Large Ranches: Who Should We Support, and How?

To Keep Farming, He Opened a Noodle Factory

After the Women Leave: Into Organic Farms | A Review of the Film Nasha

The plight of smallholder farmers is shaped not only by domestic policies and markets but also by broader global trends. Farmers the world over face the same predicament. As the whole world gravitates towards large-scale agricultural capital, smallholder farmers, pressured by prices and the environment, find their room to survive shrinking ever further. How do smallholder farmers in different countries struggle in these same cracks?

When Farmers Become the Sacrifice of Low Tariffs

When the Crop-Residue Burning Ban Becomes the Straw That Breaks the Smallholder’s Back

Rice Prices Double in Japan – Yet Farmers No Longer Want to Grow

Trump Freezes Agricultural Spending – Are American Farmers Heading for Bankruptcy?

Invasive Tilapia Devours Farmed Fish and Shrimp; Fishermen Sue CP Group for Damages

China’s Post-90s Ecological Smallholders and 17 Young Farmers Cry Out for a Food System Transformation

The oversight and supply chains of major food companies and agricultural capital may appear airtight, but the very concentration of the system breeds vulnerability – a pull here sends shockwaves everywhere. Can we really entrust food safety, food regulation and a stable supply entirely to them?

–The Far and the Near –

Imported meat crosses oceans, not only reaching the tables of urban consumers but arriving directly in highland pastoral areas. The cheap prices are the result of industrial capital, environmental costs and global trade structures shaping one another. Behind a single cut of meat lie the land, forests and livelihoods of multiple countries. When imported food disrupts local markets, the fate of local producers is being altered too.

How Did Imported “Fake Meat” End Up on the Tables of Qinghai–Tibet Pastoralists?

Too Expensive or Too Cheap? A Review of “Fake Meat Driving Out Real Meat”

Nearly Twenty Years of Investigative Reporting: How Did They Expose the Shadowy World of “Cattle Laundering” at Brazilian Meat Giants?

Brazilians Felling Forests – What’s That Got to Do with Us?

This Food Paradise Takes Up Half of Brazil’s Exported Beef Offal

As foreign foods flow in, old local varieties and flavours are disappearing. These varieties are not merely food – they are threads binding terroir, culture and family memory: White Rabbit Baby, Red Lip Glutinous, White Brow Bean – and if no one continues to grow them, they will vanish from the world.

Growing Vanishing Glutinous Rice on the Hills of Sichuan

The Chayote Shoot’s Breakthrough: Climate, Seeds and a County-Town Crop Boom

Why Has the Sweetness of Childhood Disappeared?

If No One Keeps Planting Them, They Will Vanish from the World Forever

Foraging for Wild Greens in the Netherlands: Closer to Plants – a Little Closer Still

Whether it is a fish from afar or meat from home, we have lived alongside the foods we eat most often for years, yet still cannot see their true face clearly. Can our understanding of food go beyond the level of consumption – reaching deeper into the places where it originates, to understand how the changes there shape our tables?

Two and a Half Years as an Agricultural Journalist, Yet I Still Cannot “See” Food

When an Anthropology Master’s Student Goes to Sell Meat at the Slaughterhouse

Has Salmon Really Become “Free”?

To understand food better, we actually need to start with local ingredients. For local food often grows beneath our feet, hides in mountain forests, ferments in our kitchens. They tell a different kind of “locality” – rootedness, handcraft, self-sufficiency, harmony with nature.

The Consecration “Ghee”: Turns Out to Be This Tibetan Fermented Delicacy

How Yunnan’s Wild Tomato Became Villains’ Valley Tomato Sauce | Sauce Artisan Kouzi

If Agriculture Is So Advanced, Why Do People Still Eat Wild Greens?

Mushroom Pavilion Chronicles: My Fermentation Work in Berlin

Another layer of meaning that food conveys through flavour is shared memory – taste forms an emotional bond between us and our hometown, our family, and our past.

-Going Home, Down to the Fields-

Since its founding, Foodthink has been supporting young people passionate about food and agriculture, particularly those who wish to pursue agroecology, walking alongside them as they deepen their understanding of the field. Over the past four years, we have helped a hundred interns match with experienced agroecology farms across the country, working and learning side by side with farm mentors. Foodthink “Agroecology Internship Programme” is now in its fifth year! This year, another 24 young people are heading to farms, hoping that in the Year of the Horse, they can swap into a beast-of-burden life and grow their own fruits.

What did last year’s agroecology interns gain and learn on their various farms? After their internships ended, some returned to their hometowns to pursue agroecology – but what differences and challenges lie between “graduating” and actually taking up the job?

Leaving the City, I Planted New Seeds of Life on a Farm

How Many Skills Does a Gen Z Farming Newbie Need on an Agroecology Farm?

Bending Over the Fields – Why Have I Fallen in Love with “Repetitive Labour”?

Learning to Be a Living Seed in the Countryside

When 996 Workers Meet the Work Ethic of an Agroecology Farm

Want to Try Agroecology? Hear Twelve Years of Hard-Won Wisdom from a Senior Alumnus of the Agricultural University

What Became of Those Two Young Teachers Who Quit to Farm?

Weeds are a nuisance on any farm, but are weeds and farmers truly adversaries? How do agroecology farms treat weeds?

On an Agroecology Farm, People Are Like Weeds – the More They Grow, the Better

Are Weeds the Enemy of Humanity?

Beyond returning home to farm, some are finding other ways back to the land:

Growing Bananas in a Brazilian “Forest”

Farming in Beijing – What Possessed You?

Towns and villages once intimately tied to agriculture – can they remain vibrant in today’s world? What changes are taking place in countless “old places, new villages”?

When GDP Evaporates by Two-Thirds – Does This County Town Still Have a Future?

When Environmentalism Becomes an Exhibition: The Green Illusion of an Eco-Village

Searching for the Spirit of Grain: A Journey Back to 2011

– Grandma Kouzi –

One Person’s Food Universe

When people think of farming, most picture growing crops within a market-economy framework to earn an income. Yet some have chosen a different way of life. Grandma Kouzi has carved out her own “food universe” – “Villains’ Valley” – in Fujian. After years of patient cultivation, 2025 brought a bountiful harvest. She has now achieved near-complete food self-sufficiency, with salt as the sole exception. In a world where daily life grows ever more uniform, a way of living so intimately connected to the land feels all the more precious.

Hand-Digging a Ditch Brings Me Gardenias | Grandma Kouzi

A Permaculture Food Forest – the Garden of My Dreams | Grandma Kouzi

Amid the Fields: From Anxiety and Guilt to Peace of Mind | Grandma Kouzi

A Better Life, and a Farewell | Grandma Kouzi

– Food Talk –

In 2025, Foodthink’s podcast Food Talk published 14 new episodes. Over the past year, we have both asked how we can claim the right to “eat well” under the dominance of the mainstream food system, and examined the conflicts and risks inherent in that system itself.

Without question, pre-made meals have been the topic with the longest and widest-reaching public debate on food this year. Foodthink has been following the rise of pre-made meals for some time; as early as January last year, before the public clash between Luo Yonghao and Jia Guolong even erupted, we had already produced a podcast episode on the subject. Our guest, Doudou, went so far as to offer time-poor “beasts of burden” a healthier, safer set of pre-made meal recipes. Is the future truly the age of pre-made meals? Food Talk will keep following this story.

The pushback against pre-made meals at least shows that, deep down, Chinese people still harbour an expectation of healthy, home-cooked meals fragrant with wok hei. But will that expectation be destroyed the day pre-made meals become a byword for “cheap” and “convenient”? In truth, whether it is delivery, fresh grocery e-commerce or plastic packaging, it is all in service of an urban life defined by low cost and convenience – yet few people understand the hidden costs or the risks the whole society bears as a result. Meanwhile, the companies so closely tied to our cheap-and-easy food system are doing everything in their power – from public relations to greenwashing – to keep the truth out of sight. From peanuts, maize and rice to bread, milk and beer, how does food find its way onto our tables? Who decides what we eat? How can we build better networks of social support so that we can put genuinely safe produce on the table? There is still so much to talk about when it comes to food.

As consumers of food, if we pay more attention to the farmers and the land that directly produce what we eat, caring about their livelihoods and the ecological questions they face, we are already on the path to eating well ourselves. Over the past year, we have followed many people who till the land with great dedication – from the Greater Khingan Range in Heilongjiang to Chuxiong in Yunnan, from Pinggu in Beijing and Baoding in Hebei to Heshun in Shanxi. Their backgrounds differ, the crops and wild foods they gather differ, their circumstances differ, yet all share the wish to protect the ecosystem and eat well. In 2025, Food Talk launched a new series, “100 People Who Feed Us”. In 2026, we hope to use the voices of working people as a lens for finer, deeper conversations about the food system that sustains us.

Scan the QR code below

on Xiaoyuzhou | Ximalaya | Lizhi | Apple Podcasts

to subscribe to the Food Talk podcast

– Public Events –

In 2025, Foodthink continued to create spaces where people who care about food and farming can meet and exchange ideas, hosting more than thirty online and offline events in the form of sharing sessions, reading groups, markets and workshops. We went deep into the fields to document how extreme weather is battering agriculture, and took to the international stage to carry the voices of China’s agroecological smallholder farmers; we dug for traditional wisdom in fermentation crocks and seed banks, and imagined future food and farming systems through fiction games and board games.

◉ Foodthink held so many sharing sessions this year!

This year, “Extreme Weather” and “Climate Change” became the keywords. From the shattering and reorganisation of villages and towns after the July storms in Hunan, to the climate shocks that struck Guangdong and Guangxi at year’s end, we brought meteorologists, agricultural researchers, first-hand witnesses and chroniclers into dialogue, seeking to understand how climate change is rewriting the map of Chinese agriculture and how the people living through it are coping.

◉ Scan the QR code on the poster to watch the recording.

In 2025, we amplified individual voices – from the long journey of a returning silkworm farmer towards reconciliation with the self, to the joys and worries of Altay herders facing the markets and the pastures – and followed the “going overseas” footsteps of post-1990s agroecological smallholder farmers as they travelled from home to Thailand and to Rome. The “‘Fake Meat’ Displaces Real Meat” series of creative sharing sessions wove the voices of grassland herders together with academic perspectives, probing the complex questions behind industrially produced meat substitutes.

In 2025, we opened The Vanishing Foods with our readers, drawing on cases from China and abroad to explore the protection of food biodiversity and the survival of local culture. At the book launch for Fermented China: Yunnan and Guizhou, the conversation travelled from the fermentation traditions of Yunnan and Guizhou to the endurance of regional culture. In keeping with this theme, we ran interactive calls – “Today: ‘No’ Supply” and “Eat Something Nice” … Through interaction and reading, we asked: as delicious flavours vanish, what else will we lose, and what can we still create?

In person, at the “Hands at Work” market in Beijing and the harvest festivals across the towns and countryside of Guangdong, Foodthink joined forces with the Beijing Organic Farmers Market to set up a smallholder farmers’ table, handcraft workshops and more. We invited Spaceship Earth! to bring its interactive board game, and also presented the “Back to the Future” climate-change novel continuation game and the “Poems Between Meals” collage-poetry game, sparking reflection on the present and imagination of a sustainable future.

The Last Letter of 2025: Foodthink’s Harvest Festival “Stunt” Showcase

Recordings of the events can be watched back on Foodthink’s video channel. We look forward to meeting you again in the fields, at the markets, between the pages and in conversation throughout 2026.

– Lianhe Creative Programme –

Foodthink launched the “Lianhe Creative Programme” in 2024 to support creators and researchers in going deep into the field, carrying out research and turning complex issues in food and farming into content for a general public audience. Our hope is that this will help us understand the present realities of food and agriculture more fully, and encourage more people to join in questioning the food and farming system.

Over the past year, the supported works have been published in succession, steadily attracting public attention and opening up conversations about pastoral lands, farmers and the issues that lie behind the food system. This programme has also made us aware that when it comes to food and agriculture, so many unseen questions still await answers. And so, at the end of 2025, Foodthink’s Lianhe Creative Programme set sail once more, continuing to support creators and researchers in asking their questions of food and agriculture.

 

– The Flowing Table –

Food and Farming Media Workshop

Foodthink held the “The Flowing Table” food and farming media workshop from 5 to 7 September. Centring on the theme of “The Flowing Table”, it explored four kinds of “flow” – climate change, trade, people and technology, and discourse and narrative – to examine and analyse our food and farming system, and the complex global flows behind what we eat.

This workshop brought together a diverse group of participants: alongside traditional news media, there were media editors from knowledge platforms, and independent creators who have long worked on the frontlines, documenting smallholder farmers’ adaptation practices and climate disasters through film.

In addition, Foodthink’s sister organisation, the Beijing Organic Farmers Market, provided workshop participants with an “agroecological smallholder” lunch. While discussing how agriculture should respond to extreme weather, how to support sustainable farming, and how to rebuild trust between consumers and producers, Foodthink was also supporting smallholder farmers through the most everyday, most direct of actions.

– Facing Climate Change: Rural Social Organisations in Action –

Climate change has made “natural disasters” in the countryside an ever more everyday reality. Social organisations are working to explore how to build climate resilience in rural areas. Over the past two decades, they have found ways to respond to the climate crisis across multiple fields – agricultural livelihoods, energy transition, disaster preparedness and reduction, rural elder care, gender equality and health. So how do social organisations define the problem when they step into the intersection of rural life and climate change, and how do they act? What successes and setbacks have they met, and what reflections do they carry forward?

The wisdom of those who came before and the pitfalls they stumbled into – we have distilled it all into this report: “Research on Pathways for Rural Social Organisations to Address Climate Change”.

With the support of Oxfam (Hong Kong) Beijing Office, Foodthink has over the past year conducted extensive interviews and questionnaire research, and held workshops in Nanning and Xianyang respectively, engaging in in-depth discussions with fellow farmers, village cadres, social organisations and scholars in an attempt to answer the questions above. The report’s core finding is this: it is not only the climate that is changing – the countryside is changing too, and only by understanding this transformation can one grasp the underlying logic of climate work. At the report launch, Foodthink stressed that a genuine pathway to climate resilience can only be found on the basis of a deep understanding of the problems inherent to rural life, and called on colleagues in the public-interest community: “Don’t turn mitigation into a numbers game, and don’t turn adaptation into wordplay.”

◉ Launch of the report “Pathways for Rural Social Organisations to Address Climate Change”. Photography: Wang Jian
◉ With the support of the Oxfam (Hong Kong) Beijing Office, Foodthink conducted extensive interviews and questionnaire research over the past year on how social organisations can build climate resilience in rural areas, and ultimately published “Research on Pathways for Rural Social Organisations to Address Climate Change”. Click the image to download the full report.

Report Launch | Rather Than Turning Pale at the Mention of “Climate”, Better to Put Down Steady Roots in the Countryside

“Thank Climate Change for Bringing the Countryside into Focus”

Is Climate Change Really Just a “Natural Disaster” in the Countryside?

– Co-Building and Co-Learning Camp: Local Agroecology Systems –

No matter how eloquently one speaks of agroecology, it all comes down to growing well. The increasingly severe challenges posed by climate change and the market have only underscored the importance of good technique: it can improve crop quality and resilience, reduce costs, and deliver yields no less than those of chemical agriculture.

Where, though, can such techniques be found? In December 2025, Foodthink hosted the second Co-Building and Co-Learning Camp: Local Agroecology Systems at Huiling Farm in Guangzhou, drawing over thirty participants from across China who aspire to work in agroecology. The camp explored not only the underlying logic of ecological growing techniques but also invited traditional smallholder farmers, new-generation farmers, consumer co-purchasing organisations and NGOs into a shared conversation: in a market for ecological and organic produce where “blooming flowers begin to dazzle the eye”, how can smallholder farming households build on their own strengths, press forward steadily, and find a path to livelihood and purpose? In that respect, the camp was nothing more than the starting line of a long marathon. Foodthink will organise a third co-learning camp this year – farmers who are interested are invited to star Foodthink’s WeChat account so as not to miss the latest training information.

◉ Group photo from the co-learning camp.

Learn a Set of Practical Agroecology Techniques in Three Days | Call for Applications

– And More –

As usual this year, a few articles have vanished and cannot appear in this piece. To read them, leave a message on Foodthink’s WeChat account with the keywords “丑团”, “地膜”, “一刀切” or “撑伞”. Please also follow Foodthink on Douban and Xiaohongshu, so you don’t lose track of us.

Last, Last of All

All of us at Foodthink wish you in the Year of the Horse

🐎 meals in a flash, 🐎 feasts in a flash!

● On 7 February, Foodthink took full charge (for just one day) of Jishi, the physical store of the Beijing Organic Farmers Market, to see what delicious New Year’s dishes we got to enjoy. Orders can still be placed – hurry and get your healthy, delicious eco New Year’s dishes!

Coordination: Li Ye, Kai Rui

Editor: Tianle